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黄河中药 ┃ 《天真颐圣中医大讲堂》最熟悉的“陌生”病

时间：2018-06-25 点击率 : 399

黄河中药 ┃ 《天真颐圣中医大讲堂》最熟悉的“陌生”病

每到季节交替的时候，很多人容易患上感冒。这时候，鼻子仿若一汪泉眼，鼻涕冒个不停；有时它就像加了一堵厚墙，任想尽各种办法，就是不通气；还有的人会出现发热、头痛、全身酸痛等症状，甚至双手无力，走路摇晃。感冒可以说是最常见的疾病，却也是最熟悉的陌生病”。在这里呢，为大家介绍感冒的自行判别方法。

感冒是人体感受外界邪气所致的一种疾病，以发热、恶寒、鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、咳嗽、头痛、身体不适等为主要表现。

中医把感冒分为六种类型：风寒型、风热型、风燥型、暑湿型、外寒内热型和虚型（气虚、气阴两虚）。西医称为急性上呼吸道感染，分为病毒型、细菌型、支原体型等。
中医认为，感冒主要是由于气候变化太过，导致自然界的风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火六气转化异常，变为六淫（即风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）侵袭人体，而如此时身体防御力弱、六淫乘虚而入，便会感冒，这就是为什么在天气变化时容易得感冒的原因。

在同样的天气下，老年人、小孩和体质差的人更易感冒，是因为他们的防御能力下降了。可以说，患上感冒，大多数时候是“天时”与“人和”共同作用的结果。

感冒主要的临床表现可见鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、咽痒、周身酸楚不适、恶风或恶寒，或有发热等情况，症状可单独存在也常兼见。由于邪气兼夹的不同，还可见相关不同的症状，

夹寒可见流清涕、头痛或肢体酸痛等寒证表现。

夹热可见鼻窍干热、口干甚至口渴、咽干、咽痛等热证表现。

夹燥可见唇鼻干燥，咽干甚至咽痛干咳等燥症的表现。

气虚则可见神疲、乏力、气短。

气阴两虚则可见神疲、乏力、自汗、盗汗、口干、口渴等气阴两虚证的表现。

临床以风寒、风热两型最为常见。是不是出现了以上的症状就一定是得了感冒呢？不一定！还需要与流行感冒等做出鉴别诊断。

普通感冒通常症状较轻，全身症状不重，且无传染性；流行感冒可能会有一些呼吸道症状，但更多的是“发热头痛肌肉痛等全身的表现。并且流行感冒是由流行病毒引起，具有传染性。

具体来说，风寒感冒需要疏风散寒，可以选用感冒软胶囊，风热感冒需要疏风散热，可以选用羚羊感冒软胶囊。暑湿感冒可以选用藿香祛暑软胶囊。

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